Docker镜像的使用

1.镜像的拉取

默认从Docker Hub拉取，如果不指定版本，会拉取最新版

~ docker pull nginx
~ docker pull nginx:1.20.0
~ docker pull quay.io/bitnami/nginx

2.镜像的查看

~ docker image ls

3.镜像的删除

~ docker image rm nginx
~ docker image rm 11d
~ docker rmi nginx

4.镜像的导入和导出

~ docker image save nginx:1.20.0 -o nginx.image
~ docker image load -i .\nginx.image

5.镜像列表

~ docker images

6.查找镜像

~ docker search nginx

7.构建镜像

创建Dockerfile文件

FROM    centos
MAINTAINER      Jeffrey "xxx@xxx.com"

RUN     /bin/echo 'root:gogogogo' |chpasswd
RUN     useradd jeffrey
RUN     /bin/echo 'jeffrey:gogogogo' |chpasswd
RUN     /bin/echo -e "LANG=\"en_US.UTF-8\"" >/etc/default/local
EXPOSE  22
EXPOSE  80
CMD     /usr/sbin/sshd -D

通过docker build命令构建镜像

~ % docker build -t jeffrey/centos .
[+] Building 23.2s (9/9) FINISHED                                                                              docker:desktop-linux
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                              0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                0.0s
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                           0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 295B                                                                                           0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:latest                                                               4.0s
 => [1/5] FROM docker.io/library/centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177               18.1s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177                0.0s
 => => sha256:e6a0117ec169eda93dc5ca978c6ac87580e36765a66097a6bfb6639a3bd4038a 2.16kB / 2.16kB                                 0.0s
 => => sha256:52f9ef134af7dd14738733e567402af86136287d9468978d044780a6435a1193 83.94MB / 83.94MB                              15.5s
 => => sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177 762B / 762B                                     0.0s
 => => sha256:65a4aad1156d8a0679537cb78519a17eb7142e05a968b26a5361153006224fdc 529B / 529B                                     0.0s
 => => extracting sha256:52f9ef134af7dd14738733e567402af86136287d9468978d044780a6435a1193                                      2.5s
 => [2/5] RUN /BIN/ECHO 'root:gogogogo' |chpasswd                                                                              0.2s
 => [3/5] RUN USERADD jeffrey                                                                                                  0.3s
 => [4/5] RUN /BIN/ECHO 'jeffrey:gogogogo' |chpasswd                                                                           0.2s
 => [5/5] RUN /BIN/ECHO -e "LANG="en_US.UTF-8"" >/etc/default/local                                                            0.3s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                         0.0s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                        0.0s
 => => writing image sha256:95bc35e95aa7a822181844e2ff8c3d5e88d63406530db7f8061300b0da75e7ee                                   0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/jeffrey/centos                                                                                      0.0s

View build details: docker-desktop://dashboard/build/desktop-linux/desktop-linux/m11yl2bram5xd8eyz3or3ve17
~ % docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
jeffrey/centos   latest    95bc35e95aa7   27 minutes ago   272MB

-t 指定要创建的目标镜像名

. Dockerfile文件所有目录，可以指定绝对路径

设置镜像标签

~ % docker tag 95bc35e95aa7 jeffrey/centos:dev

docker tag 镜像ID, 用户名称、镜像源名(repository name)和新的标签名(tag)